Hobbes Theory of the Nature of Humans - 2245 Words

Socrates and Machiavelli both aspire to the same end of accomplishing certain political goals. Machiavelli, in the Prince, speaks of his desire to end political conflict through the institution of order while Socrates, as described by Plato, seemingly wishes for the government of his time to be replaced with a more just system. Though the two historical figures are both very relevant to the concepts of power and how to attain it, they are polar opposites when it comes to the means by which they hope to accomplish their personal ends. In The Prince, Machiavelli gives an essential guide of how a Prince must appear and how he must interact with his subject in order to make sure that they are complacent and subordinate. On the other hand,†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, the perfect prince is more observant and more aware than the gadfly, which would play to his benefit. That said, a perfect prince ought not avoid a mediocre gadfly (imagine that!) because he (the pri nce) is wiser are more clever. On the other hand, an imperfect prince does not have the tools nor intelligence to evade a gadfly, and will thus necessarily be revealed. On the other a prince may be able to mitigate the impact of a gadfly. To start, people give much more credence to a prince than they give to any old man wandering the street badgering people with questions. Secondly, the prince could mitigate the gadfly problem by denying the gadfly access. If the gadfly does not have access to the prince, there is no way for the revelations to be made and thus the prince will be able to maintain his power unquestioned. The only way that the gadfly in the real world could have an effect is if he can get access to the prince, find the contradictions (defeat the prince’s master ability of deception), publicize them to the people, and in the end have the credibility to be taken seriously. In conclusion, though both the Machiavellian Prince and the Socratic Gadfly have the intention of accomplishing certain political ends, the means by which they seek the accomplish those ends is completely different.Show MoreRelatedComparing Thomas Hobbes and Augustine Essay878 Words   |  4 Pagesstate of nature is a condition of constant war, which rational and self-motivated people want to end. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Augustine argues that peace is more than the absence of hostilities - it is a state of harmony that makes possible the full functioning of human beings. Full functioning comes from the four internal virtues (courage, justice, temperance, and prudence) that we must exercise to achieve good human morality. Human morality, by and of its self, will not allow us humans to travelRead MoreThomas Hobbes State of Nature in Leviathan Essay847 Words   |  4 Pagesdeemed paramount. Within the State of Nature that is, outside of civil society we have a right to all things ‘even to one another’s body’, and there would be no agreed authority to ensure the moral grounds of our decisions. Therefore since there are no restrictions and no shared authority; man is naturally un-guarded and prone to conflict and each individual is deemed a potential threat to our resources. From this concept Hobbes deduces that the state of nature is thus primarily a state of war,Read MoreCompare and Contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s Views of the State of Nature and the Fundamental Purpose of Political Society. Whose View Is the More Plausible? Why?1564 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s views of the state of nature and the fundamental purpose of political society. Whose view is the more plausible? Why? Introduction Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both natural law theorists and social contracts theorists. While most natural law theorists have predominantly been of the opinion that humans are social animals by nature, Locke and Hobbes had a different perspective. Their points of view were remarkably different from thoseRead MoreHobbes And Locke s Political Legitimacy1530 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical legitimacy might look quite similar at first glance, because each theorized about the nature of mankind and the right political systems that would meet the needs of individuals. However, in Hobbes’ perspective, political authority does not pre-exist in individual’s state of nature, rather, it is created by the social contract and serves to ensure self-preservation which is threatened in a state of nature. In contrast, Locke thought that the social contract does not create authority, but that politicalRead MoreThomas Hobbes and John Locke on Natural Rights Essay929 Words   |  4 P agesHobbes and Locke on Natural Rights According to the natural right theory, the state of nature is the original condition of human beings in regard to any common authority. In the state of nature, according to Thomas Hobbes, each individual has a right to everything, even the body/life of the other. The state of nature can lead to the state of moral chaos. Moral chaos produces physical chaos or war, thus the state of war, the war of all against all. The reason this is because no one has anyRead MoreThe Social Contract: Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau1377 Words   |  6 Pagescontract theory into what it is in this modern day and age. The social contract theory was the creation of Hobbes who created the idea of a social contract theory, which Locke and Rousseau built upon. Their ideas of the social contract were often influenced by the era in which they lived and social issues that were present during their lives. Although all men sit in different positions on the theoretical political spectrum, which is derived from the ir work on the Social Contract Theory, they carryRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke s Political Theories Essay2061 Words   |  9 PagesAnalyzing Thomas Hobbes and John Locke’s Political Theories and Justifying if these Governmental Officials Have Legitimate Reason To Hold Secrets from the Public Systems of government across the globe are utilized to various extents. Similarly to John Locke’s vision of government, the United States stands by a system of representative democracy. This means that our government highly values that the people of a society hold the power of where the direction of their state goes through electing officialsRead MoreNiccolo Machiavellis Change In The Scientific Revolution And Secularism Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesBentham and Machiavelli had similar ideas on utilitarianism, or doing what is best for the largest group of people. Also occurring throughout the Renaissance and Enlightenment was the Scientific Revolution, which would forever change the way man viewed nature. From 1500 to 1900, the idea of humanism led many to use logic and reason to make new discoveries and inventions. Jacob Bronowski, author of The Western Intellectual Tradition, consistently portrays many of the philosophers he discusses as a scientistsRead MoreRussian Mafia1601 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the most famous types of organized crime in the past and present is the Russian Mafia. This article entails the rational choice theory model with how it justifies being able to join the Russian Mafia and the business that they conduct. A rational theorist would argue that we as people are rational human beings who carefully calculated the consequences of our behaviour. We make choices based on the cost benefit analysis. The concept of the cost benefit analysis is that when we have to makeRead MoreThe Theories Of International Politics Essa y1648 Words   |  7 Pagesnational interest in terms of power. It explains the anarchist nature of the global society without a form of international government possibly existing. If no government is present, then the chaos and disorder is inevitable as every state carries unstoppable search for power at the same time. This explains how states behave and interact with one another. Hobbes defines this incessant search for power as being inherent to our very human nature. The only role of each state is therefore to maximize that

Secondary Data - 2036 Words

Q) What are Secondary Data? Secondary Data Secondary data is information gathered for purposes other than the completion of a research project. Data previously collected by someone else, possibly for some other purpose that can be used later for making decisions if found suitable for the purpose, other than the original one. Secondary data can be acquired from the internal records of the organization, their departments, subsidiaries or sister organizations and also from external sources, such as chambers of commerce, government, professional and commercial consultants subject to the availability of data . †¢ e.g., data in books, journals, newspapers, magazines, etc. †¢ e.g., data in reports, surveys,†¦show more content†¦Accounting and financial records. These are often an overlooked source of internal secondary information and can be invaluable in the identification, clarification and prediction of certain problems. Accounting records can be used to evaluate the success of various marketing strategies such as revenues from a direct marketing campaign. There are several problems in using accounting and financial data. One is the timeliness factor – it is often several months before accounting statements are available. Another is the structure of the records themselves. Most firms do not adequately setup their accounts to provide the types of answers to research questions that they need. For example, the account systems should capture project/product costs in order to identify the company’s most profitable (and least profitable) activities. Companies should also consider establishing performance indicators based on financial data. These can be industry standards or unique ones designed to measure key performance factors that will enable the firm to monitor its performance over a period of time and compare it to its competitors. Some example may be sales per employee, sales per square foot, expenses per employee (salesperson, etc.). 3. Miscellaneous reports. These can include such things as inventory reports, service calls, number (qualifications and compensation) of staff, production and RD reports. AlsoShow MoreRelatedSecondary Data4906 Words   |  20 PagesCollecting, Reviewing, and Analyzing Secondary Data WHAT IS SECONDARY DATA REVIEW AND ANALYSIS? Secondary data analysis can be literally defined as second-hand analysis. It is the analysis of data or information that was either gathered by someone else (e.g., researchers, institutions, other NGOs, etc.) or for some other purpose than the one currently being considered, or often a combination of the two (Cnossen 1997). If secondary research and data analysis is undertaken with care and diligenceRead MorePrimary and Secondary Data3550 Words   |  15 Pages1. PRIMARY ANDSECONDARY DATA We explore the availability and use of data (primary and secondary) in the field of business research.Specifically, we examine an international sample of doctoral dissertations since 1998, categorizingresearch topics, data collection, and availability of data. Findings suggest that use of only primarydata pervades the discipline, despite strong methodological reasons to augment with secondary data. INTRODUCTION Data can be defined as the quantitative or qualitativeRead MoreIntroduction to Secondary Data1935 Words   |  8 Pagesof the research project specifies both the data that are needed and how they are to be obtained. The first step in the data-collection process is to look for secondary data. These are data that were developed for some purpose other than for helping to solve the problem at hand. The data that are still needed after that search is completed will have to be developed specifically for the research project and are known as primary data. The secondary data that are available are relatively quick andRead MoreDifference Primary and Secondary Data923 Words   |  4 Pages d) Malls e) Saloons Market stategy: f) Target g) Demography h) Packaging i) Labeling j) Pricing Q.7) Market research is generally either primary or secondary. Primary market research is when a company carries out research first hand. Primary market research is more reliable than secondary research because you know that the information you have gathered is accurate, as you have collected it yourself. It is also specific to your type of product/service. On the other handRead MoreSecondary Analysis of Qualitative Data2317 Words   |  10 PagesThis essay aims to examine the practice of secondary analysis on qualitative data in terms of barriers to overcome and advantages of its practice. Over the last decades, archives of qualitative data have become widely accessible to research-es and there has been a smaller revolution in the practice of secondary analysis on such data. (Seale, 2004) There are both practical and methodological ad-vantages for researchers to use data that has been collected by others in order to pursue new research.Read MoreSecondary Data And Sales Potential848 Words   |  4 PagesSecondary Data Sales Potential In order to accurately predict sales potential, the measurement of market size in which the product will be introduced is a vital factor in the initial marketing process. An analysis of the relating demographic factors, market trends, and competitor market share should be executed to achieve this. The following secondary data and market research will allow for one to determine how, when, and to whom the Skarp Razor should be launched into the current Canadian consumerRead MoreMain Advantage Of Secondary Data For My Research969 Words   |  4 PagesSecondary Research Secondary data is data collected from other reliable sources. Common sources of secondary data include census reports, Government records, newspaper articles and many more. Secondary research plays vital role in any kind of research. This is as of now gathered and accessible. Secondary data has the upside of being accessible quickly, is frequently cheap and simple to get yet the weakness is that it may not meet all the needs of research. Advantage The main advantage of secondaryRead MoreThe Origin Of Secondary Data And How The Samples Will Be Selected1944 Words   |  8 Pages 3. Methodology This chapter will present how the author finds answers to our research questions, the author will explain the origin of secondary data and how the samples will be selected. Figure 9 is the schematic presentation of the methodology. Figure 9 Methodology Process (Foster, 1998, p. 81) 3.1 Purpose of the Research In the chapter of Research Purpose and Objectives, the purpose of this research has been briefly explained. Generally, there are three common types of purposes of academicRead MoreUsing Secondary Data Collected From Online Sources Essay1311 Words   |  6 Pages3.0 Methodology The paper uses a comparative case analysis through the use of secondary data collected from online sources. Some of the data include news, books, organisational and football club website. 3.1 Comparative Case Study A comparative case study is an in-depth investigation of a person, group, institution or phenomena through comparison with another . The paper will do a comparative case study of FC Barcelona with the leading clubs in terms of revenue generation, namely Real MadridRead MoreComparing Techniques For Collecting Data On Primary And Secondary Sources2212 Words   |  9 Pages Statistical Inferences Purpose: In this unit we have studied how to: †¢ comparing techniques for collecting data in primary and secondary sources. †¢ Making sense of the position of the mean and median in skewed, symmetric and bimodal displays to describe and interpret data. †¢ Constructing histograms and back-to-back stem-and-leaf plots. †¢ Calculate relative frequencies †¢ Investigate data used and its validity Now it is your turn to demonstrate your fluency and understanding of these concepts

Shark Attacks Free Essays

On 11 July, 1916 Rensselaer Cartan Jr. saw a looming dark figure and noticed a large fin protruding from the water. A shark, the newest fear of many after the several attacks that occurred just days before. We will write a custom essay sample on Shark Attacks or any similar topic only for you Order Now Yet he was 17 miles inland, he knew what he saw and set out to warn the town of the â€Å"sea monster† looming in the creek. â€Å"No way† were the thoughts of many as they heard Caratan Jr. tell his tale, and they continued on with their normal lives, despite his desperate cries of fear and warning. The attacks of Lester Stilwell and Stanley Fisher show that the technology of this era was very un-advanced, this was also the first recorded shark attack in fresh water, and the amount of time it took for a doctor to reach the place of the attack was lengthy and costly. The technology in this era was very weak in comparison to today’s modern medicine and was not efficient in life if death situations. In this time there was no ambulances and the way to be rushed to the hospital was by train and by automobile. If theses attacks had occurred in modern times, the death of Fisher may have been stopped. The death of Stilwell was definite, due to the fact that the shark mangled Stilwell’s body beneath the water, where he drowned. He also would have died from sheer amounts of blood loss and the fact that no one would have reached the eleven year old boy on time. Though modern technology has changed the amount of help that doctors can provide patients the patient, must be first saved from the cause of death. In this case the shark did not let young Stilwell have the opportunity of medical treatment that he so desperately needed. These attacks were a shock to the world because they occurred in a creek seventeen miles inland. Bull sharks have been found in various fresh water sources, sometimes far upriver or upstream in some cases, their high tolerance for fresh water nearly unique among shark species. (Davidson) The bull shark is a shark that is known to be found in modern times to swim into the mouths of rivers to find better prey. This was unknown to the people of 1916 as was many facts of the entire species of sharks. Nobody thought a shark would travel so far inland and in a creek no larger than 45 feet across. (capuzzo 89) The shark had been allowed to travel so far up due to the fact the the tide was at its highest point due to the lunar cycle. (capuzzo 91) The shark was easily able to maneuver and find its prey in the murky water. The amount of time that it took for a doctor to reach the scene, where Stilwell and Fisher were attacked was far too long. According to Julius Kish, no doctor lived or worked in the town of Matawan in 1916. This may have contributed to the fact that Fisher died and did not receive medical attention right away as was needed. The only immediate he received was that of his friends, who were in shock. His friends made a makeshift tourniquet using rope to stop the excessive blood flow. (Capuzzo 101) This was not enough to save the mans life, he needed immediate medical attention. Stanley fisher slowly began to die as he waited for the doctors to arrive to treat his wound, a large chunk of flesh missing from his pelvis. Fisher’s wounds were dire, yet he willed to live. â€Å"That afternoon in 1916, however, the treatment Stanley Fisher required was two hours and thirty-nine minutes away. † (Capuzzo 101) At this time hospitals lay far apart and the travel to a hospital may be too far and by the time patients reach the hospital, death has already set in. When Fisher pulled his body out of the water he lied there in a pool of his own blood. (capuzzo 100) As the blood would continue to flow he was at risk for blood loss and also diseases of having an uncared for open gash. With such a limited supply of medical attention in this era caused casualties that would be routine in todays modern age. The attacks of 1916 started an epidemic of natural fear against man eating sharks. Lester Stilwell’s body took two days to resurface. In those two days rumors flowed through America on what had happened to the boy. The curiosity on what caused this â€Å"rouge† shark to go on such vicious attacks initiated people to begin researching these mysterious predators. presently we now no much more about sharks and continue to research to better understand how these suspicious animals tick. How to cite Shark Attacks, Papers